What Is HERS Testing for Energy Code Compliance?

Written by iPermit | Jul 6, 2026 7:27:34 PM

HERS testing is California’s required field verification that a newly installed or modified HVAC system actually performs the way the energy code says it should. If you are an HVAC contractor doing residential work in California, you will run into it on most equipment changeouts. Understanding what it requires — and what happens when it is not done — keeps jobs from closing late and permits from staying open.

What HERS stands for

HERS stands for Home Energy Rating System. It is a third-party verification process administered by certified raters who are independent of the installing contractor. The California Energy Commission (CEC) established the HERS program as the field-verification side of Title 24, the state’s building energy efficiency standards.

The rater’s job is to show up after installation and confirm, through physical measurement, that the installed system meets the energy performance targets in the permit and the CF-1R compliance report.

Where HERS fits in Title 24 compliance

Title 24 is California’s name for its building energy efficiency standards, updated on a roughly two-year cycle by the CEC. It covers everything from wall insulation to lighting to HVAC systems in residential construction and significant remodels.

HERS is the field verification layer of Title 24. The process works in two steps:

  1. CF-1R (compliance report): Filed at the permit stage, before installation begins. It documents the energy measures the contractor intends to install and the performance targets those measures must hit.
  2. CF-3R (field verification report): Filed after installation, once a HERS rater has confirmed the actual installed conditions match the CF-1R. No CF-3R means no final inspection sign-off.

The permit cannot close until the building department has the CF-3R on file. That is the compliance chain: Title 24 → permit → HERS field verification → CF-3R → final inspection → closed permit.

What a HERS rater actually tests

The specific measures a rater is required to verify depend on the permit scope, but on a standard residential HVAC changeout in California, the HERS field verification typically covers:

  • Duct leakage: The rater pressurizes the duct system to measure how much conditioned air is lost before it reaches the living space. California’s allowable leakage thresholds are defined in the permit’s CF-1R.
  • Refrigerant charge: The rater verifies that the refrigerant charge is within the manufacturer’s specified range, which affects both efficiency and equipment longevity.
  • Airflow: The rater measures that adequate air volume is moving through the system to deliver the rated efficiency. Low airflow is a common field failure.
  • Fan efficacy (where applicable): Depending on system type and permit scope, the rater may verify the blower’s watt-per-CFM performance.

If any of these measures fail, the contractor must correct the problem and schedule a re-test. The re-test costs time and money, and the permit stays open until the rater files a passing CF-3R.

When HERS testing is required

HERS verification is triggered whenever a permit includes one or more HERS-required measures. For residential HVAC contractors in California, the most common triggers are:

  • Replacing an existing air handler, furnace, or condensing unit (equipment changeout)
  • Installing or replacing ductwork
  • Adding HVAC to newly conditioned space

The California Energy Commission’s HERS program website provides the current trigger list by measure type. Contractors doing volume residential replacement work in California encounter HERS requirements regularly — equipment changeouts are the most common trigger, and most standard residential HVAC permits include at least one HERS-required measure.

Why HVAC contractors need to account for HERS from the start

The most common HERS-related scheduling problem is treating field verification as an afterthought — something to arrange after the install is done. That approach creates two failure modes:

Scheduling conflict: The HERS rater has to visit the site after installation and before the final inspection. If the rater isn’t booked until after the system is running, the homeowner may be waiting for a test appointment while the permit sits open. Depending on rater availability in the jurisdiction, that can add days or weeks to job closeout.

CF-3R filing delay: The rater’s filed CF-3R is what the building department needs to issue the final inspection. If the rater submits late, or files against the wrong permit number, the building department cannot close the permit regardless of how well the job went.

The practical fix is treating HERS scheduling as part of the permit workflow, not a separate task that starts after the install. When the test is booked against the permit timeline rather than after it, jobs close on schedule.

What an open permit means for the contractor and the homeowner

A permit left open is not just an administrative loose end. As iPermit notes: “Permits left open can come back to haunt you.”

For the contractor, an open permit can affect licensing renewals, warranty fulfillment, and liability exposure on future work at the same address. For the homeowner, an open permit becomes a title issue at resale — disclosure requirements vary, but an undisclosed open permit is the kind of thing that kills a sale or triggers renegotiation.

HERS verification is one of the two most common reasons residential HVAC permits stay open past job completion. (The other is a missed or rescheduled final inspection.) Both are avoidable with the right workflow.

Who can perform a HERS rating in California

HERS ratings in California must be performed by a rater certified through a CEC-approved HERS Provider. The contractor’s own technician cannot self-certify. The independence requirement is the point — HERS is a third-party verification, not a self-reported one.

HERS Providers are the organizations that train, certify, and maintain raters. They also operate the registry where CF-3R reports are filed. When a rater submits a passing report through the Provider system, it becomes the official record the building department references.

HERS and the permit workflow in practice

The full compliance chain for a residential HVAC changeout in California looks like this:

  1. Contractor submits permit application with CF-1R listing HERS-required measures
  2. Jurisdiction issues the permit
  3. Contractor completes the installation
  4. Certified HERS rater performs field verification
  5. Rater submits passing CF-3R through the HERS Provider
  6. Building department schedules final inspection
  7. Final inspection passes
  8. Permit closes

Every step depends on the one before it. A delay at step 4 holds up steps 5 through 8. That dependency is why HERS scheduling belongs inside the permit workflow, not outside it.

How iPermit handles HERS as part of the permit-to-closeout workflow

iPermit schedules and runs HERS field verification, files the CF-3R, and coordinates the final inspection — alongside the permit itself.

With more than 250,000 HERS tests completed over 50 years in business, the scheduling and filing steps are a repeatable workflow, not an improvised one.

For HVAC contractors doing volume Title 24 work in California who want the permit, HERS, and final inspection handled on the same file without managing three separate vendors, that is the configuration iPermit offers.

More on how it works: iPermitUSA.com or call 855-737-6484.